C++ Fundamentals for Beginners

This module covers the foundational building blocks of C++—variables, constants, data types, and operators. Learners will explore how to store and manipulate data effectively.

• Declare and initialize variables and constants
• Use built-in data types (int, float, char, bool, etc.)
• Perform type casting and conversions
• Apply arithmetic, logical, relational, and bitwise operators
• Understand operator precedence and associativity

Learners will explore decision-making and looping constructs to control the flow of their programs. This module emphasizes writing interactive and responsive code.

• Implement conditional logic using if, else if, and switch
• Use loops (for, while, do-while) for iteration
• Control execution flow with break, continue, and goto
• Build menu-driven and decision-based programs

Functions are introduced as a way to modularize code. Learners will define, call, and manage functions with parameters and return values, including recursive logic.

• Define and invoke functions with proper syntax
• Pass arguments by value and return results
• Use inline functions for performance optimization
• Apply recursion to solve problems (e.g., factorial, Fibonacci)
• Organize code for readability and reuse

This module dives into storing and manipulating collections of data. Learners will work with arrays and strings to handle structured input and output.

• Declare and manipulate 1D and 2D arrays
• Access and modify array elements using loops
• Handle character arrays and perform string operations
• Use built-in string functions (strlen, strcpy, strcmp, etc.)
• Solve problems involving lists, tables, and text processing

Pointers are introduced to help learners understand memory management and advanced data handling. This module builds a strong foundation for dynamic programming.

• Understand memory addresses and pointer variables
• Use pointers with arrays and functions
• Perform pointer arithmetic (*, &, ++, --)
• Explore dynamic memory concepts (intro to new and delete)
• Debug pointer-related issues like segmentation faults

Learners will explore user-defined data types to group related information. This module emphasizes organizing complex data and comparing memory usage.

• Define and use structures to group related data
• Access structure members using dot notation
• Create arrays of structures for tabular data
• Compare structures and unions for memory efficiency
• Apply structures in real-world scenarios (e.g., student records)

Learners consolidate their knowledge by building a mini console-based project. This module includes review, debugging, and feedback to reinforce learning outcomes.

• Apply all learned concepts in a real-world project
• Demonstrate modular design, input/output handling, and logic flow
• Debug and refine code for correctness and clarity
• Present and explain project logic
• Reflect on learning and receive constructive feedback